What PSR actually said
Premier League clubs could lose no more than £105m across a rolling three-year period, with generous exclusions — infrastructure, academy, women's football, community. Losing more brought a charge, and from 2023 the League showed it would pursue points deductions rather than fines. Everton and Nottingham Forest both lost points.
Why 30 June mattered so much
Because the test ran on accounting years ending in June, a sale completed on 30 June counted in one cycle and a sale on 1 July counted in the next. That produced the strange annual ritual of clubs trading academy players in the last days of June purely to book profit before a deadline — economically pointless, accounting-critical.
What replaces it
From 2026/27 the Premier League moves to a squad cost ratio, capping squad spending as a share of revenue, alongside sustainability rules testing liquidity and equity. The change is from measuring losses to measuring spending, which binds sooner and is harder to escape through one-off gains.
The final PSR cycle
The three years to 30 June 2026 form the last assessment, judged in January 2027. Clubs carrying losses into it are still exposed, so PSR is not yet irrelevant — a club can comply comfortably with the new ratio while still facing a charge under the old rule.
What the new sustainability rules test
Liquidity — can the club meet its obligations, tested with a stress scenario — and equity, with the permitted ratio tightening across seasons. These are the parts most likely to catch a newly promoted or heavily leveraged club, and they attract far less attention than the headline ratio.
See it applied
Every club page works these numbers through for a real squad, with the sources and the caveats attached.
Questions
What is PSR in football?
The Premier League's Profit and Sustainability Rules, which limited clubs to £105m of losses over three years, with exclusions for infrastructure, academy, women's football and community spending.
Has PSR been abolished?
It is being replaced. From 2026/27 squad cost ratio and sustainability rules take over, but the final PSR cycle — the three years to 30 June 2026 — is still assessed in January 2027.
Why did clubs sell players before 30 June?
Because the accounting year ended then. A sale on 30 June booked profit in the closing cycle; a day later it fell into the next one, which could be the difference between a charge and compliance.
Which clubs were deducted points under PSR?
Everton and Nottingham Forest were both deducted points in the 2023/24 season for breaches, the first time the Premier League imposed sporting sanctions for financial rules.